MIG Welder Settings Explained: How To Set Your MIG Welder

MIG welding, also known as Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW), is a popular welding process that uses a consumable wire electrode and a shielding gas to join metal parts. Setting up the MIG welder correctly is crucial to achieving high-quality welds. In this article, we will explain how to set your MIG welder settings properly.

Wire Feed Speed

Wire feed speed refers to the speed at which the electrode wire is fed through the welding gun. It is measured in inches per minute (IPM) or millimeters per minute (MMPM). The wire feed speed affects the weld's penetration and the weld's size. Higher wire feed speeds result in deeper penetration and a wider weld bead. Conversely, lower wire feed speeds produce a shallower weld and a narrower weld bead.

Voltage

The voltage setting determines the heat input into the weld. It is measured in volts. Higher voltage settings produce a hotter weld, while lower voltage settings produce a cooler weld. The voltage setting is often referred to as the welding machine's "heat output." The voltage setting depends on the thickness of the metal being welded and the wire feed speed.

Amperage

Amperage, also known as welding current, determines the amount of electrical energy flowing through the welding wire. It is measured in amperes. Higher amperage settings produce a hotter weld, while lower amperage settings produce a cooler weld. The amperage setting depends on the thickness of the metal being welded and the wire feed speed.

Polarity

MIG welding can use two different polarities: direct current electrode negative (DCEN) and direct current electrode positive (DCEP). DCEN, also known as reverse polarity, produces a deeper and narrower penetration, while DCEP, also known as straight polarity, produces a wider and shallower weld.

Shielding Gas

MIG welding requires a shielding gas to protect the weld from contamination. The shielding gas can be a mixture of different gases, such as argon, carbon dioxide, or helium. The gas mixture used depends on the metal being welded and the desired welding characteristics.

  • MIG Welding Gas Pressure Settings

    • Welding Technique

    The welding technique used also affects the quality of the weld. The most common welding techniques used in MIG welding are push welding and pull welding. In push welding, the welding gun is pushed away from the weld. In pull welding, the welding gun is pulled towards the weld. Push welding produces a wider and flatter weld, while pull welding produces a deeper and narrower weld.

    Conclusion

    Setting up your MIG welder correctly is crucial to achieving high-quality welds. You need to adjust the wire feed speed, voltage, amperage, polarity, shielding gas, and welding technique depending on the metal being welded and the desired welding characteristics. It is essential to refer to the manufacturer's guidelines and the welding chart to get the correct settings for your welder. With the right settings and techniques, you can produce strong, durable welds that will hold up to the test of time.

    Related Post:

  • GMAW – Mig Welding History